Cryogenic Rocket Engine

Cryogenic Rocket Engine

        Cryogenic rocket is the advance technology in the path of rocket revolution. They use to propel rocket into its orbit. It is a combination of solid propellant and liquid propellant Rocket Engine that is, both its fuel and oxidizer are gases liquefied and stored at very low temperatures.  Interesting fact is Rocket engines have very less Engine part than normal Piston engines like piston, shaft and cylinder etc. are not available in rocket engines

        

Cryogenic Technology

The word cryogenic is derived from Greek meaning “production of freezing cold”. Cryogenics is the study of productivity and behavior of materials at very low temperature (Below -183*C -253*C )

The major components of a cryogenic rocket engine are:

     •       The thrust chamber or combustion chamber

•       pyrotechnic igniter 

•       fuel injector                                      

•       fuel turbo-pumps

•       gas turbine                                                                        

•       cryo valves

•       Regulators

•       The fuel tanks

•       rocket engine

•       nozzle

Advantages

—  High Specific Impulse

—  Non-toxic and non-corrosive propellants

—  Non-hypergolic, improved ground safety

Disadvantages

—   Low density of liquid Hydrogen –more structural mass

—  Overall cost of propellants relatively high

—  Need for ignition system

Development of cryogenic engine (country) 

ROCKET ENGINES	NATION	YEAR
RL-10	USA	1963
LE5	JAPAN	1977
HM7	FRANCE	1979
N1	RUSSIA	1983
GSLV-D5	INDIA	2013